These objects may be complex industrial landscapes, such as buildings, small indoor objects or theatrical stages. By using specialized software, a two- or three-dimensional object is spatially mapped on the virtual program which mimics the real environment it is to be projected on.

The software can interact with a projector to fit any desired image onto the surface of that object.[1] This technique is used by artists and advertisers alike who can add extra dimensions, optical illusions, and notions of movement onto previously static objects. The video is commonly combined with, or triggered by, audio to create an audio-visual narrative.

The process starts by identifying a suitable location to act as the canvas for the 3D Projection Mapping. It could be an historic building, a temporary structure or sculpture, or any large surface. Projection mapping works best at night or in low-light environments, so that the projected image stands out brightly against its background. Likewise, it works best when the surface that’s being projected on is light or white in colour.